How to Tell Your If Your Cramps Are Normal or Not
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There’s no debating that period cramps can feel like hell on earth. For most of us, cramps are nagging and uncomfortable, but they are also pretty easy to manage with an ibuprofen or two. However, for some, cramps can be debilitating. So, how do you know when period cramps are “normal” and when they cross over into “maybe I should be worried about this…” territory?
How long do cramps take to go away?
According to Jacquelyn Stone, an OB-GYN at Maven Digital Clinic, “normal” period symptoms are different for every person. Commonly, though, period cramps are at their worst on the first day or two of your menstrual cycle and then drop off significantly after that. Additionally, normal period discomfort can be alleviated with over-the-counter remedies and further lessened with a heating pad. But, according to Stone, severe discomfort that lasts for several days and doesn’t go away with an anti-inflammatory (such as ibuprofen) is a sign that something more serious could be going on.
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How much do cramps affect your life?
The key to identifying what’s normal, according to Stone, is the degree to which it affects your daily life.
“If you have menstrual pain but can go about your day, it’s likely normal,” she says. “But if you’re having pain and it’s something that’s keeping you from work or school, you should definitely get it evaluated.”
How heavy is the bleeding?
Another sign that something is up, Stone says, is significantly heavy bleeding, where you find yourself changing pads more than once every hour.
Heavy bleeding accompanied by severe pain that lasts for several days could be a symptom of endometriosis or a related condition called adenomyosis, where uterine tissue grows outside or into the uterine wall.
How often do you need to pee?
Another culprit of severe pain and heavy bleeding is uterine fibroids. These are benign tumors that grow inside the uterus. Although they are noncancerous, the pain and heavy bleeding that accompanies them can be mistaken for normal menstrual cramps and bleeding.
Some uterine fibroids grow so large they actually press on a person’s bowels and bladder, causing constipation or a sensation of urgency where you feel you need to pee. Though normal cramps vary from person to person, they don’t cause constipation or a need to urinate.
How severe is the pain?
Finally, normal period cramps are usually described as “aching” or “pressure,” rather than sharp, stabbing pain. Stabbing pain that’s localized on one side of your pelvis could be something called an ovarian cyst rupture, which can be confused with menstrual cramps if a cyst bursts while a person is menstruating.
“Ovarian cysts are something that can happen on your period, and it’s really sharp pain that sends women to the ER because [the cyst] ruptures,” Stone explains. “It’s very intense. Most people think something is seriously wrong.”
Cramps are anything but fun. However, any pain that’s sharp, persistent, changes location, lasts more than two days or is accompanied by heavy bleeding or a low-grade fever warrants a consult with your doctor — sooner rather than later.
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A version of this article was published in February 2018.
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